TMD/TMJ

TMD/TMJ (TM Joint)

The TMJ is the temporomandibular joint, located just in front of the ears on either side of the head. These joints are the hinges upon which your jaw moves when chewing and talking. The TMJ is considered the most complicated joint in the body because it can rotate up and down as well as slide, which is known as translation.

Medical problems relating to the TMJ are known as temporomandibular disorders or TMD. These disorders can affect any part of the neuromuscular system of the jaw and may result in some problems; dentists often call these disorders Costen’s syndrome. Dr Costen was an otolaryngologist who first recognized the problems related to jaw function:

• Malocclusion
• Jaw pain
• Unevenly worn teeth
• Spasms
• Clenching
• Teeth grinding
• Inability to find bite
• Ear pain

Clicking sound in jaw joint

TMJ CLICKING….is the most common symptom of a TMJ disorder. This clicking sound may be so loud that others can hear it while you chew. There may or may not be pain in the joint itself with the sound of a click or pop. But, one thing is for sure; if there is a displaced disc, as is usually the case when a click occurs, then the muscles that move the jaw while chewing are more tense than normal. This tenseness can and does cause muscle, facial, head and neck pain. 

TMJ LOCKING….may be noticed simply by the catching of the lower jaw as it opens. Sometimes, the person with a locked joint must move the jaw to one side or another in order to open wide. Or, a person might have to open until they hear and feel a loud pop, at which point, the jaw actually unlocks.

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Headaches & Jaw pain

The symptoms of having a TMJ dysfunction include muscular compensation which in itself can cause muscular pain elsewhere in the body. The jaw joint bones themselves can deform and become arthritic as the cartilaginous disc separating the head of the jaw (the condyle) and the joint space becomes damaged or displaced resulting in painful clicks and pressure.

Hearing loss and ringing in the ears (tinnitus) is common, popping sounds and clicks can be very irritating as well as painful.

Bite irregularities can, of course, be the cause of excessive wear of the teeth and restorations as well as premature loss of crowns and bridges.

For most patients the main problem is chronic headaches which may become debilitating. Pain often manifests itself as toothache and pain in the front area of the face. Hard foods may be difficult to eat and the opening of the mouth is greatly reduced and even at times locked. Trigger pain spots are common around the face and neck.

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TMJ - Temporomandilar joint disorder

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Signs and symptoms of TMJ disorders may include:

• Teeth grinding
• Frequent headaches or migraine headaches
• Pain in the face, neck, or shoulders
• Popping or clicking in the jaw joints
• Tooth wear
• Chronic earaches
•  Chronic neck pain, Shoulder pain
•   Pain in jaw joint while yawning

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